You may be able to remove the images by changing the email template or the way the result fields are included in the notification. I’d check the plugin’s email settings first to see whether images can be excluded while keeping the question and answer text. This is especially useful when the email is meant to be a simple text-based record, similar to keeping other online submissions and confirmations, such as a canada eta online request, easy to read. If there isn’t an option for that, a custom email template or a small template modification may be needed.